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Última revisión: 15 Mar 2025
Última actualización: 10 Mar 2025

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • síntomas constitucionales
  • ictericia
  • ascitis
  • signos de encefalopatía hepática
  • manifestaciones extrahepáticas

Factores de riesgo

  • prácticas médicas inseguras
  • consumo de drogas ilícitas por vía intravenosa o intranasal
  • transfusión de sangre o trasplante de órganos
  • consumo excesivo de alcohol
  • polimorfismo del gen de interleucina (IL)-28B
  • VIH
  • encarcelamiento/institucionalización
  • diálisis
  • profesión relacionada con la salud
  • tatuajes/perforaciones corporales
  • acupuntura
  • parejas sexuales múltiples
  • madre infectada (para el feto)
  • sexo masculino
  • deficiencia de vitamina D

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • Inmunoanálisis de enzimas de anticuerpos del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC)
  • reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) para el ARN del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC)
  • aminotransferasas séricas

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • genotipado viral
  • ensayo del antígeno central del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC)
  • pruebas no invasivas de fibrosis hepática o elasticidad
  • índice de relación aspartato aminotransferasa/plaquetas (APRI)
  • biopsia hepática
  • pruebas para detectar una coinfección

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Colaboradores

Autores

Jawad Ahmad, MD, FRCP, FAASLD

Professor of Medicine

Division of Liver Diseases

Mount Sinai Hospital

New York

NY

Divulgaciones

JA declares that he has no competing interests.

Agradecimientos

Dr Jawad Ahmad would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Brian L. Pearlman, the previous contributor to this topic.

Divulgaciones

BLP is on the speakers' bureaus and serves as an advisor to Merck, Gilead, J&J, and AbbVie, and does contracted research with Boehringer Ingelheim, Tibotec/Janssen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead, and Merck. BLP is also an author of a number of references cited in this topic. BLP wishes to acknowledge Chaithanya Mallikarjun, MD, for her help in writing the original version of the manuscript.

Revisores por pares

AnnMarie Liapakis, MD

Assistant Professor

Digestive Disease and Liver Transplant

Yale University

CT

Divulgaciones

AL has participated in an advisory board meeting with Gilead and Janssen, and is a primary investigator for Merck’s C-Surfer trial.

Benedict Maliakkal, MRCP

Director of Hepatology and Medical Director of Liver Transplantation

Associate Professor of Medicine

Strong Memorial Hospital

University of Rochester

NY

Divulgaciones

BM belongs to the paid speaker’s bureau for pharmaceutical companies Gilead (maker of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir), AbbVie (maker of Viekira Pak® - ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir), Merck, and Salix.

Sulleman Moreea, FRCS (Glasg), FRCP

Consultant Hepatologist

Bradford Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust

Bradford

UK

Divulgaciones

SM has received sponsorship and has sat on advisory boards for BMS, Gilead, AbbVie, and Merck.

Steve Ryder, DM, FRCP

Consultant Hepatologist

Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust

UK

Divulgaciones

SR is an advisory board (paid) member for AbbVie, Gilead, Janssen, and MSD.

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