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Última revisión: 24 Mar 2025
Última actualización: 20 Mar 2024

Resumen

Definición

Anamnesis y examen

Principales factores de diagnóstico

  • tos productiva
  • disnea de esfuerzo
  • fumador actual
  • exposición a gas, emanaciones y/o polvo
  • hepatomegalia
  • ascitis
  • confusión

Otros factores de diagnóstico

  • 32 a 41 años de edad
  • sexo masculino
  • sibilancia
  • tórax distendido
  • ictericia conjuntival/ictericia
  • asterixis

Factores de riesgo

  • antecedentes familiares de déficit de AAT

Pruebas diagnósticas

Primeras pruebas diagnósticas para solicitar

  • nivel plasmático de alfa-1-antitripsina (AAT)
  • pruebas funcionales respiratorias
  • radiografía de tórax
  • tomografía computarizada (TC) de tórax
  • pruebas de función hepática (PFH)

Pruebas diagnósticas que deben considerarse

  • fenotipado
  • genotipado
  • secuencia de genes
  • pruebas de ejercicio con análisis de gasometría arterial (GSA)
  • alfafetoproteína
  • ecografía hepática
  • tomografía computarizada (TC) del abdomen
  • resonancia magnética (IRM) abdominal

Algoritmo de tratamiento

Colaboradores

Autores

D. Kyle Hogarth

Professor

Pulmonary and Critical Care

University of Chicago

Chicago

IL

Divulgaciones

DKH is a consultant for Grifols, Takeda, and Wave Life Sciences, and gives lectures for Takeda; Grifols and Takeda are both makers of alpha-1 antitrypsin related products. DKH serves on the MASEK committee for the Alpha One Foundation, and is part of the A1BC study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health and the Alpha One Foundation. DKH is an author of a number of references cited in this topic.

Dr D. Kyle Hogarth would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Paul J. Hutchison, a previous contributor to this topic.

Divulgaciones

PJH declares that he has no competing interests.

Revisores por pares

Assistant Professor of Medicine

David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Los Angeles

CA

Divulgaciones

JD declares that she has no competing interests.

Chair of Quality

Director

Pulmonary Hypertension Clinic

Head

Pulmonary Education and Rehabilitation

Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care

Cleveland Clinic Florida

Weston

FL

Divulgaciones

FR has been a consultant and speaker and has received funding from Baxter Healthcare and CSL Behring.

Consultant Chest Physician

Aberdeen Royal Infirmary

Aberdeen

UK

Divulgaciones

GPC declares that he has no competing interests.

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