Aproximadamente 10,900 pessoas no Reino Unido, 32,000 pessoas nos EUA e >100,000 pessoas no mundo todo têm FC.[3]Cystic Fibrosis Trust. What is cystic fibrosis? 2022 [internet publication].
https://www.cysticfibrosis.org.uk/what-is-cystic-fibrosis
[4]Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. 2021 patient registry annual data report. Bethesda, MD: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; 2022.
https://www.cff.org/medical-professionals/patient-registry
Estima-se que a incidência entre brancos seja entre 1 em 3000 e 1 em 6000; ela é mais baixa entre pessoas de ascendência africana, hispânica e asiática.[5]Scotet V, Gutierrez H, Farrell PM. Newborn screening for CF across the globe - where is it worthwhile? Int J Neonatal Screen. 2020 Mar;6(1):18.
https://www.doi.org/10.3390/ijns6010018
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33073015?tool=bestpractice.com
[6]Southern KW, Munck A, Pollitt R, et al. A survey of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis in Europe. J Cyst Fibros. 2007 Jan;6(1):57-65.
https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2006.05.008
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16870510?tool=bestpractice.com
A FC é mais comum entre descendentes de europeus.[5]Scotet V, Gutierrez H, Farrell PM. Newborn screening for CF across the globe - where is it worthwhile? Int J Neonatal Screen. 2020 Mar;6(1):18.
https://www.doi.org/10.3390/ijns6010018
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33073015?tool=bestpractice.com
A incidência de FC diminuiu desde o advento do rastreamento de neonatos (e pode estar associada com o rastreamento de portadores de base populacional).[7]Hale JE, Parad RB, Comeau AM. Newborn screening showing decreasing incidence of cystic fibrosis. N Engl J Med. 2008 Feb 28;358(9):973-4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18305279?tool=bestpractice.com
[8]Scotet V, L'Hostis C, Férec C. The changing epidemiology of cystic fibrosis: incidence, survival and impact of the CFTR gene discovery. Genes (Basel). 2020 May 26;11(6):589.
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/6/589/htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32466381?tool=bestpractice.com
[9]Castellani C, Picci L, Tamanini A, et al. Association between carrier screening and incidence of cystic fibrosis. JAMA. 2009 Dec 16;302(23):2573-9.
https://www.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1758
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20009057?tool=bestpractice.com
[10]Castellani C, Massie J. Newborn screening and carrier screening for cystic fibrosis: alternative or complementary? Eur Respir J. 2014 Jan;43(1):20-3.
https://www.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00125613
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24381320?tool=bestpractice.com
O Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry relata que foram diagnosticados 1017 novos casos de FC nos EUA em 2006, em comparação com 779 novos casos em 2021 (dos quais 21.2% e 64.4%, respectivamente, foram detectados pelo programa de rastreamento de neonatos).[4]Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. 2021 patient registry annual data report. Bethesda, MD: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; 2022.
https://www.cff.org/medical-professionals/patient-registry
Tradicionalmente considerada uma doença da infância, os avanços no manejo da FC significam que a expectativa de vida está aumentando.Atualmente, há mais adultos do que crianças com FC nos países desenvolvidos.[8]Scotet V, L'Hostis C, Férec C. The changing epidemiology of cystic fibrosis: incidence, survival and impact of the CFTR gene discovery. Genes (Basel). 2020 May 26;11(6):589.
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/6/589/htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32466381?tool=bestpractice.com
Nos EUA, a idade mediana de morte foi de 33.9 anos em 2021, e prevê-se que os pacientes nascidos entre 2018 e 2022 viverão até os 56 anos.[4]Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. 2021 patient registry annual data report. Bethesda, MD: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; 2022.
https://www.cff.org/medical-professionals/patient-registry
[11]Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. 2022 Cystic Fibrosis Foundation patient registry highlights. Bethesda, MD: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; 2023.
https://www.cff.org/medical-professionals/patient-registry
A doença pulmonar primária e questões relacionadas ao transplante de pulmão são as causas mais comuns de morte.[4]Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. 2021 patient registry annual data report. Bethesda, MD: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; 2022.
https://www.cff.org/medical-professionals/patient-registry
No entanto, a sobrevida pós-transplante continua estável, com 85.3%, 67% e 54.3% dos pacientes sobrevivendo por 1, 3 e 5 anos, respectivamente.[12]Valapour M, Lehr CJ, Schladt DP, et al. OPTN/SRTR 2021 annual data report: lung. Am J Transplant. 2023 Feb;23(2 suppl 1):S379-S442.
https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajt.2023.02.009
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37132345?tool=bestpractice.com
Pseudomonas aeruginosa é uma infecção do trato respiratório comum que afeta mais de 60% dos adultos.Sua prevalência geral é de 29.8% e 49.6% entre pacientes com FC na Europa e nos EUA, respectivamente.[13]Salsgiver EL, Fink AK, Knapp EA, et al. Changing epidemiology of the respiratory bacteriology of patients with cystic fibrosis. Chest. 2016 Feb;149(2):390-400.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26203598?tool=bestpractice.com
[14]Hatziagorou E, Orenti A, Drevinek P, et al. Changing epidemiology of the respiratory bacteriology of patients with cystic fibrosis-data from the European cystic fibrosis society patient registry. J Cyst Fibros. 2020 May;19(3):376-83.
https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcf.2019.08.006
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31492646?tool=bestpractice.com
Apesar da alta prevalência, o tratamento agressivo foi associado a uma leve queda nos últimos anos.[15]Reynolds D, Kollef M. The epidemiology and pathogenesis and treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: an update. Drugs. 2021 Dec;81(18):2117-31.
https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s40265-021-01635-6
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34743315?tool=bestpractice.com
[16]Langton Hewer SC, Smith S, Rowbotham NJ, et al. Antibiotic strategies for eradicating Pseudomonas aeruginosa in people with cystic fibrosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Jun 2;6(6):CD004197.
https://www.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD004197.pub6
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37268599?tool=bestpractice.com