A leucemia de células pilosas (LCP) é incomum. A taxa de incidência nos EUA foi estimada em 0.3 por 100,000 (dados de 2011-2012; ajustado à idade da população padrão dos EUA).[3]Teras LR, DeSantis CE, Cerhan JR, et al. 2016 US lymphoid malignancy statistics by World Health Organization subtypes. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016 Nov 12;66(6):443-59.
https://www.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21357
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27618563?tool=bestpractice.com
Houve uma estimativa de 1100 novos casos de LCP nos EUA em 2016.[3]Teras LR, DeSantis CE, Cerhan JR, et al. 2016 US lymphoid malignancy statistics by World Health Organization subtypes. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016 Nov 12;66(6):443-59.
https://www.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21357
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27618563?tool=bestpractice.com
Nos EUA, a incidência de LCP é mais alta entre pessoas brancas não-hispânicas (0.5 por 100,000, ajustado à idade para a população padrão dos EUA), seguidas por pessoas negras não-hispânicas (0.3 por 100,000), pessoas hispânicas (0.3 por 100,000) e habitantes das ilhas da Ásia/Pacífico (0.2 por 100,000).[3]Teras LR, DeSantis CE, Cerhan JR, et al. 2016 US lymphoid malignancy statistics by World Health Organization subtypes. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016 Nov 12;66(6):443-59.
https://www.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21357
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27618563?tool=bestpractice.com
A incidência de LCP no Reino Unido é estimada em 0.34 por 100,000 por ano (dados de 2005-2019).[4]Lamb M, Painter D, Howell D, et al. Lymphoid blood cancers, incidence and survival 2005-2023: a report from the UK's Haematological Malignancy Research Network. Cancer Epidemiol. 2024 Feb;88:102513.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877782123001935?via%3Dihub
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38160571?tool=bestpractice.com
A idade mediana no diagnóstico tem sido relatada de forma variada como sendo de 55-67 anos.[4]Lamb M, Painter D, Howell D, et al. Lymphoid blood cancers, incidence and survival 2005-2023: a report from the UK's Haematological Malignancy Research Network. Cancer Epidemiol. 2024 Feb;88:102513.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877782123001935?via%3Dihub
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38160571?tool=bestpractice.com
[5]Monnereau A, Slager SL, Hughes AM, et al. Medical history, lifestyle, and occupational risk factors for hairy cell leukemia: the InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2014 Aug;2014(48):115-24.
https://www.doi.org/10.1093/jncimonographs/lgu004
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25174032?tool=bestpractice.com
[6]Paillassa J, Cornet E, Noel S, et al. Analysis of a cohort of 279 patients with hairy-cell leukemia (HCL): 10 years of follow-up. Blood Cancer J. 2020 May 27;10(5):62.
https://www.doi.org/10.1038/s41408-020-0328-z
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32461544?tool=bestpractice.com
[7]Parry-Jones N, Joshi A, Forconi F, et al. Guideline for diagnosis and management of hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) and hairy cell variant (HCL-V). Br J Haematol. 2020 Dec;191(5):730-7.
https://www.doi.org/10.1111/bjh.17055
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33053222?tool=bestpractice.com
[8]Wiber M, Maitre E, Poncet JM, et al. A population-based study of hairy cell leukemia over a period of 20 years. Cancer Treat Res Commun. 2020;25:100236.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246829422030071X?via%3Dihub
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33227559?tool=bestpractice.com
A LCP é mais comum em homens (razão da taxa de incidência homem:mulher de 2.77 [dados de 2011-2012 dos EUA]).[3]Teras LR, DeSantis CE, Cerhan JR, et al. 2016 US lymphoid malignancy statistics by World Health Organization subtypes. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016 Nov 12;66(6):443-59.
https://www.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21357
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27618563?tool=bestpractice.com
As exposições ocupacionais (por exemplo, agricultura, indústria, engenharia) podem contribuir para as diferenças entre os sexos.[5]Monnereau A, Slager SL, Hughes AM, et al. Medical history, lifestyle, and occupational risk factors for hairy cell leukemia: the InterLymph Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Subtypes Project. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2014 Aug;2014(48):115-24.
https://www.doi.org/10.1093/jncimonographs/lgu004
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25174032?tool=bestpractice.com
[9]Staines A, Cartwright RA. Hairy cell leukaemia: descriptive epidemiology and a case-control study. Br J Haematol. 1993 Dec;85(4):714-7.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7918034?tool=bestpractice.com
[10]Tadmor T, Polliack A. Epidemiology and environmental risk in hairy cell leukemia. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2015 Dec;28(4):175-9.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26614895?tool=bestpractice.com
[11]Nordström M, Hardell L, Magnuson A, et al. Occupational exposures, animal exposure and smoking as risk factors for hairy cell leukaemia evaluated in a case-control study. Br J Cancer. 1998 Jun;77(11):2048-52.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9667691?tool=bestpractice.com
[12]Orsi L, Delabre L, Monnereau A, et al. Occupational exposure to pesticides and lymphoid neoplasms among men: results of a French case-control study. Occup Environ Med. 2009 May;66(5):291-8.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19017688?tool=bestpractice.com
A LCP parece ocorrer mais comumente no hemisfério ocidental (por exemplo, EUA, Reino Unido) do que em outras regiões (por exemplo, Japão, África), embora faltem dados epidemiológicos precisos para outras regiões.[13]Itamura H, Ide M, Sato A, et al. Identification of the BRAF V600E mutation in Japanese patients with hairy cell leukemia and related diseases using a quenching probe method. Int J Hematol. 2018 Oct;108(4):416-22.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30043333?tool=bestpractice.com
[14]Gini Ehungu JL, Mufuta JP, Ngiyulu RM, et al. A rare occurrence of hairy cell leukemia in a congolese child: a presentation and challenge of diagnosis in low resource settings. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2013 Nov;35(8):e350-2.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23652869?tool=bestpractice.com