A colelitíase ocorre em aproximadamente 10% a 15% dos adultos nos EUA e na Europa.[2]Stinton LM, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology of gallbladder disease: cholelithiasis and cancer. Gut Liver. 2012 Apr;6(2):172-87.
http://www.gutnliver.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.5009/gnl.2012.6.2.172
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22570746?tool=bestpractice.com
A maior prevalência da colelitíase é entre populações indígenas norte-americanas, seguidas por populações norte-europeias.[2]Stinton LM, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology of gallbladder disease: cholelithiasis and cancer. Gut Liver. 2012 Apr;6(2):172-87.
http://www.gutnliver.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.5009/gnl.2012.6.2.172
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22570746?tool=bestpractice.com
[10]Everhart JE, Yeh F, Lee ET, et al. Prevalence of gallbladder disease in American Indian populations: findings from the Strong Heart Study. Hepatology. 2002 Jun;35(6):1507-12.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12029637?tool=bestpractice.com
As taxas de prevalência são relativamente baixas na África Subsaariana e na Ásia.[7]Shaffer EA. Gallstone disease: epidemiology of gallbladder stone disease. Best Prac Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2006;20(6):981-96.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17127183?tool=bestpractice.com
[11]Sun H, Tang H, Jiang S, et al. Gender and metabolic differences of gallstone diseases. World J Gastroenterol. 2009 Apr 21;15(15):1886-91.
https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v15/i15/1886.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19370788?tool=bestpractice.com
[12]Ansari-Moghaddam A, Khorram A, Miri-Bonjar M, et al. The prevalence and risk factors of gallstone among adults in south-east of Iran: a population-based study. Glob J Health Sci. 2015 Jul 30;8(4):60-7.
https://www.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n4p60
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26573029?tool=bestpractice.com
Apesar de sua alta prevalência, a colelitíase é geralmente assintomática em mais de 80% das pessoas.[2]Stinton LM, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology of gallbladder disease: cholelithiasis and cancer. Gut Liver. 2012 Apr;6(2):172-87.
http://www.gutnliver.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.5009/gnl.2012.6.2.172
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22570746?tool=bestpractice.com
[13]Attili AF, Carulli N, Roda E, et al. Epidemiology of gallstone disease in Italy: prevalence data of the Multicenter Italian Study on Cholelithiasis (M.I.COL.). Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Jan 15;141(2):158-65.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7817971?tool=bestpractice.com
No entanto, sintomas ou complicações relacionados a cálculos se desenvolvem em 1% a 2% dos indivíduos previamente assintomáticos a cada ano.[1]European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). EASL clinical practice guidelines on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of gallstones. J Hepatol. 2016 Jul;65(1):146-81.
https://www.journal-of-hepatology.eu/article/S0168-8278(16)30032-0/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27085810?tool=bestpractice.com
[2]Stinton LM, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology of gallbladder disease: cholelithiasis and cancer. Gut Liver. 2012 Apr;6(2):172-87.
http://www.gutnliver.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.5009/gnl.2012.6.2.172
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22570746?tool=bestpractice.com
[9]Abraham S, Rivero HG, Erlikh IV, et al. Surgical and nonsurgical management of gallstones. Am Fam Physician. 2014 May 15;89(10):795-802.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24866215?tool=bestpractice.com
[14]Freidman GD, Raviola CA, Fireman B. Prognosis of gallstones with mild or no symptoms: 25 years of follow-up in a health maintenance organization. J Clin Epidemiol. 1989;42(2):127-36.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2918322?tool=bestpractice.com
[15]Gracie WA, Ransohoff DF. The natural history of silent gallstones: the innocent gallstone is not a myth. N Engl J Med. 1982 Sep 23;307(13):798-800.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7110244?tool=bestpractice.com
[16]McSherry CK, Ferstenberg H, Calhoun WF, et al. The natural history of diagnosed gallstone disease in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Ann Surg. 1985 Jul;202(1):59-63.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4015212?tool=bestpractice.com
[17]Friedman GD. Natural history of asymptomatic and symptomatic gallstones. Am J Surg. 1993 Apr;165(4):399-404.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8480871?tool=bestpractice.com
Após o desenvolvimento da cólica biliar, mais de 50% dos pacientes continuarão a sofrer de dor recorrente, enquanto até 3% ao ano apresentarão complicações (por exemplo, colecistite aguda, colangite ou pancreatite aguda).[2]Stinton LM, Shaffer EA. Epidemiology of gallbladder disease: cholelithiasis and cancer. Gut Liver. 2012 Apr;6(2):172-87.
http://www.gutnliver.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.5009/gnl.2012.6.2.172
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22570746?tool=bestpractice.com
[9]Abraham S, Rivero HG, Erlikh IV, et al. Surgical and nonsurgical management of gallstones. Am Fam Physician. 2014 May 15;89(10):795-802.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24866215?tool=bestpractice.com
[18]Glasgow RE, Cho M, Hutter MM, et al. The spectrum and cost of complicated gallstone disease in California. Arch Surg. 2000 Sep;135(9):1021-5;discussion 1025-7.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/fullarticle/390695
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10982504?tool=bestpractice.com