A insônia é uma afecção comum. Cerca de 30% da população em geral relata distúrbios do sono, e 10% a 15% apresentam distúrbio de insônia com dificuldades para dormir, comprometimento associado e duração que atendem aos critérios diagnósticos.[2]American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The AASM international classification of sleep disorders - third edition, text revision (ICSD-3-TR). Jun 2023 [internet publication].
https://aasm.org/clinical-resources/international-classification-sleep-disorders
[8]Ohayon MM. Epidemiology of insomnia: what we know and what we still need to learn. Sleep Med Rev. 2002 Apr;6(2):97-111.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12531146?tool=bestpractice.com
[9]National Institutes of Health. National Institutes of Health State of the Science Conference statement on manifestations and management of chronic insomnia in adults, June 13-15, 2005. Sleep. 2005 Sep;28(9):1049-57.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16268373?tool=bestpractice.com
[10]Morin CM, LeBlanc M, Bélanger L, et al. Prevalence of insomnia and its treatment in Canada. Can J Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;56(9):540-8.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epdf/10.1177/070674371105600905
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21959029?tool=bestpractice.com
Estima-se que o baixo desempenho no trabalho, a utilização de serviços de saúde e os acidentes causados pela insônia custem anualmente 100 bilhões de dólares.[11]Wickwire EM, Shaya FT, Scharf SM. Health economics of insomnia treatments: the return on investment for a good night's sleep. Sleep Med Rev. 2016 Dec;30:72-82.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26874067?tool=bestpractice.com
Os relatos de insônia aumentam com o avanço da idade, o que pode estar relacionado a alterações fisiológicas no sono inerentes ao processo de envelhecimento e também à saúde mais precária nos idosos.[12]Cochen V, Arbus C, Soto ME, et al. Sleep disorders and their impacts on healthy, dependent, and frail older adults. J Nutr Health Aging. 2009 Apr;13(4):322-9.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19300867?tool=bestpractice.com
[13]Benca RM, Ancoli-Israel S, Moldofsky H. Special considerations in insomnia diagnosis and management: depressed, elderly, and chronic pain populations. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65(suppl 8):26-35.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15153065?tool=bestpractice.com
[14]Smagula SF, Stone KL, Fabio A, et al. Risk factors for sleep disturbances in older adults: evidence from prospective studies. Sleep Med Rev. 2016 Feb;25:21-30.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4506260
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26140867?tool=bestpractice.com
Em cada coorte de idade, as mulheres relatam mais anormalidades do sono subjetivas que os homens.[15]Breslau N, Roth T, Rosenthal L, et al. Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders: a longitudinal epidemiological study of young adults. Biol Psychiatry. 1996 Mar 15;39(6):411-8.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8679786?tool=bestpractice.com
[16]Mellinger GD, Balter MB, Uhlenhuth EH. Insomnia and its treatment: prevalence and correlates. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985 Mar;42(3):225-32.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2858188?tool=bestpractice.com
[17]Lindberg E, Janson C, Gislason T, et al. Sleep disturbances in a young adult population: can gender differences be explained by differences in psychological status? Sleep. 1997 Jun;20(6):381-7.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9302720?tool=bestpractice.com