Epidemiology

Data on incidence and outcome parameters such as in-hospital mortality are sparse. Two studies in the US showed an incidence of upper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage of between 60 and 78 per 100,000 population in 2009.[6][7]​​​​​ In one German study based on standardized hospital discharge data provided by the German Federal Statistical Office between 2010 and 2019, an average of approximately 6000 patients per year had MWT, with an overall annual hospitalization incidence of 7.5/100,000 persons and an in-hospital mortality rate of 2.7%.[8]​​ MWT represents approximately 5% to 7% of upper GI bleeding.[9]​ It is less common in children, who represent about 0.3% of upper GI bleeds.[10] MWT is more common in men than in women in a ratio of 3:1.[11] In women of childbearing age, the most common cause is hyperemesis gravidarum.[12] MWT has no racial predilection. The age of presentation may vary but is most common in people between 30 to 50 years of age.[10] Recurrent bleeding after an episode of MWT has been reported to occur in around 10% of patients.[13][14]

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