Monitoring
For idiopathic dystonias, patients generally are seen every few months by a neurologist for repeat injections of botulinum toxin or for adjustment of medications. Loss of benefit from botulinum toxin following an initially beneficial response may signal the development of neutralizing antibodies that inhibit therapeutic response. In one meta-analysis, neutralizing antibodies were present in around 20% of patients who had been treated with botulinum toxin.[79]
For acquired dystonias, if amenable to therapy, treatment is directed against the underlying cause.
For patients who undergo deep brain stimulation, regular follow-ups for stimulator monitoring and programming are required.
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