Patient discussions
If symptoms occur, patients should be reviewed by their physicians. As patients may be at increased risk of developing infective endocarditis, the risks and requirements for antibiotic prophylaxis should be discussed before any dental or urologic procedures. Current guidelines recommend prophylactic antibiotics for patients with prosthetic valves (biological and mechanical, surgical and transcatheter).[15]
Due to increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the population of adults with congenital heart disease and increased ASCVD morbidity and mortality in this group, patient education regarding cardiovascular disease risk factors and modification of those risk factors where possible is recommended.[28]
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