Epidemiology
Trace or mild pulmonary regurgitation is commonly detected on echocardiography in patients without structural heart disease. Nonsevere pulmonary regurgitation is usually asymptomatic and is most commonly secondary to pulmonary hypertension. Severe isolated pulmonary regurgitation is usually a manifestation of prior surgical repair or balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty, so patients may present later in life.[2] However, even with severe isolated pulmonary regurgitation, only 40% of the patients present with symptoms, so the true incidence and prevalence is unknown. There is no specific sex or ethnicity predominance; however, it is commonly associated with younger age.[3]
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