Epicondylitis has a worldwide distribution. Prevalence rates for both lateral and medial epicondylitis are similar.
One study, over a period of 1 year, reported epicondylitis prevalence ranging from 1.3% (definite) to 2.8% (definite or possible) laterally, and 0.4% (definite) to 1.9% (definite or possible) medially, in a population sample of people aged 30-64 years.[5]Shiri R, Viikari-Juntura E, Varonen H, et al. Prevalence and determinants of lateral and medial epicondylitis: a population study. Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Dec 1;164(11):1065-74.
http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/164/11/1065.full
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16968862?tool=bestpractice.com
Concurrent medial and lateral epicondylitis occurred less frequently, with a prevalence (definite or possible) of 0.5% in males to 1.8% in females.[5]Shiri R, Viikari-Juntura E, Varonen H, et al. Prevalence and determinants of lateral and medial epicondylitis: a population study. Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Dec 1;164(11):1065-74.
http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/164/11/1065.full
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16968862?tool=bestpractice.com
Data derived from a US insurance-based database of patient records suggest an annual lateral epicondylitis incidence of 15.1 per 10,000 between 2007 and 2014.[6]Degen RM, Conti MS, Camp CL, et al. Epidemiology and Disease Burden of Lateral Epicondylitis in the USA: Analysis of 85,318 Patients. HSS J. 2018 Feb;14(1):9-14.
https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s11420-017-9559-3
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29398988?tool=bestpractice.com
During the same period (and querying the same database), a significant increase in the incidence of medial epicondylitis was noted (2.9 per 10,000 in 2007; 4.0 per 10,000 in 2014).[7]Wiggins AJ, Cancienne JM, Camp CL, et al. Disease Burden of Medial Epicondylitis in the USA Is Increasing: An Analysis of 19,856 Patients From 2007 to 2014. HSS J. 2018 Oct;14(3):233-237.
https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s11420-018-9617-5
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30258326?tool=bestpractice.com
Epidemiological studies on epicondylitis have failed to demonstrate incidence rate differences between ethnic groups.[5]Shiri R, Viikari-Juntura E, Varonen H, et al. Prevalence and determinants of lateral and medial epicondylitis: a population study. Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Dec 1;164(11):1065-74.
http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/164/11/1065.full
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16968862?tool=bestpractice.com
One meta-analysis found that women had a higher risk of sustaining lateral epicondylitis (odds ratio males: females = 0.77).[8]Sayampanathan AA, Basha M, Mitra AK. Risk factors of lateral epicondylitis: A meta-analysis. Surgeon. 2020 Apr;18(2):122-128.
https://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2019.08.003
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31543312?tool=bestpractice.com
Increasing age is a contributing factor in epicondylitis development.[5]Shiri R, Viikari-Juntura E, Varonen H, et al. Prevalence and determinants of lateral and medial epicondylitis: a population study. Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Dec 1;164(11):1065-74.
http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/164/11/1065.full
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16968862?tool=bestpractice.com
[6]Degen RM, Conti MS, Camp CL, et al. Epidemiology and Disease Burden of Lateral Epicondylitis in the USA: Analysis of 85,318 Patients. HSS J. 2018 Feb;14(1):9-14.
https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s11420-017-9559-3
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29398988?tool=bestpractice.com
[7]Wiggins AJ, Cancienne JM, Camp CL, et al. Disease Burden of Medial Epicondylitis in the USA Is Increasing: An Analysis of 19,856 Patients From 2007 to 2014. HSS J. 2018 Oct;14(3):233-237.
https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s11420-018-9617-5
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30258326?tool=bestpractice.com
[9]Descatha A, Leclerc A, Chastang JF, et al; The Study Group on Repetitive Work. Medial epicondylitis in occupational settings: prevalence, incidence and associated risk factors. J Occup Environ Med. 2003 Sep;45(9):993-1001.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14506342?tool=bestpractice.com