Prognosis depends on the aetiologies of the portal hypertension leading to the development of varices and also on the liver function status. Decompensated cirrhosis is defined by ascites, variceal bleeding, encephalopathy, and/or jaundice.[36]Gow PJ, Chapman RW. Modern management of oesophageal varices. Postgrad Med J. 2001 Feb;77(904):75-81.
https://pmj.bmj.com/content/77/904/75.long
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[37]British Society of Gastroenterology; British Association for the Study of the Liver. Decompensated cirrhosis care bundle: first 24 hours. 2014 [internet publication].
https://www.bsg.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/BSG-BASL-Decompensated-Cirrhosis-Care-Bundle-First-24-Hours.pdf
Patients who have oesophageal variceal bleeding have a 1-year overall mortality of 30% to 40%. Patients who have oesophageal varices without bleeding or ascites (compensated cirrhosis) have a mortality rate of 3.4% per year.[41]D'Amico G, Garcia-Tsao G, Pagliaro L. Natural history and prognostic indicators of survival in cirrhosis: a systematic review of 118 studies. J Hepatol. 2006 Jan;44(1):217-31.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16298014?tool=bestpractice.com