Hospital-acquired pneumonia (non COVID-19)

The all-cause mortality for HAP is 30% to 70%, while the attributable mortality is approximately 10%. Many people with HAP die of their underlying cause. Increased mortality has been associated with patients who have HAP due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Acinetobacter species, received an antimicrobial that did not cover the offending pathogen, and had medical instead of surgical illness.[90]Heyland DK, Cook DJ, Griffith L, et al. The attributable morbidity and mortality of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the critically ill patient. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159:1249-1256. http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/ajrccm.159.4.9807050#.UkWV5tKsjTo http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10194173?tool=bestpractice.com  

Late outcome

It is not uncommon for patients with HAP, who typically have multiple comorbidities or severe trauma, to have prolonged respiratory failure and, hence, take weeks or even months to be weaned off the ventilator. Patients will recover from HAP and still require ventilation, so the duration of ventilation does not correspond to the duration of HAP.