Prognosis depends on stage, WHO histology, and whether resection was complete. Additional prognostic factors include tumour size and invasion of great vessels.[8]Detterbeck FC, Parsons AM. Thymic tumors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004 May;77(5):1860-9.
https://www.annalsthoracicsurgery.org/article/S0003-4975(03)02005-8/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15111216?tool=bestpractice.com
[12]Okumura M, Ohta M, Tateyama H, et al. The World Health Organization histologic classification system reflects the oncologic behavior of thymoma: a clinical study of 273 patients. Cancer. 2002 Feb 1;94(3):624-32.
https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cncr.10226
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11857293?tool=bestpractice.com
[13]Kondo K, Monden Y. Therapy for thymic epithelial tumors: a clinical study of 1,320 patients from Japan. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003;75:878-885.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12963221?tool=bestpractice.com
[73]Wright CD, Wain JC, Wong DR, et al. Predictors of recurrence in thymic tumors: importance of invasion, World Health Organization histology and size. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005;130:1413-1421.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16256797?tool=bestpractice.com
Clinically encapsulated thymoma
Most series of resected thymomas have a 10-year thymoma-related survival rate of 70% to 90%.[8]Detterbeck FC, Parsons AM. Thymic tumors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004 May;77(5):1860-9.
https://www.annalsthoracicsurgery.org/article/S0003-4975(03)02005-8/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15111216?tool=bestpractice.com
[12]Okumura M, Ohta M, Tateyama H, et al. The World Health Organization histologic classification system reflects the oncologic behavior of thymoma: a clinical study of 273 patients. Cancer. 2002 Feb 1;94(3):624-32.
https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cncr.10226
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11857293?tool=bestpractice.com
[13]Kondo K, Monden Y. Therapy for thymic epithelial tumors: a clinical study of 1,320 patients from Japan. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003;75:878-885.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12963221?tool=bestpractice.com
[73]Wright CD, Wain JC, Wong DR, et al. Predictors of recurrence in thymic tumors: importance of invasion, World Health Organization histology and size. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005;130:1413-1421.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16256797?tool=bestpractice.com
The stage and completeness of resection are the most important prognostic factors. In the largest surgical series using the Masaoka-Koga staging system, 5-year survival rates were: 100% for stage I, 98% for stage II, 88% for stage III, 70% for stage IVA, and 52% for stage IVB.[13]Kondo K, Monden Y. Therapy for thymic epithelial tumors: a clinical study of 1,320 patients from Japan. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003;75:878-885.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12963221?tool=bestpractice.com
Other thymic neoplasms
Poorly differentiated thymic carcinomas generally have a poor prognosis. Overall cure rates for neuro-endocrine tumours are low.