Primary prevention

Lifestyle, occupational, and environment exposures may be modified to lower the risk of bladder cancer.[44][45] Avoidance of tobacco smoke and improvements in working conditions involving occupational exposure to carcinogens should be prioritized.[37] Reducing the contribution of environmental pollutants such as water polluted with arsenic depends on public awareness and government policy.[37] Schistosoma-related squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder can be prevented through parasitic control, mass treatment of the population, and early detection of the disease.[15]​[28]

Consideration should be given to prompt treatment and prevention of urinary tract infection, removal of urinary stones, and avoidance of prolonged use of indwelling catheters to reduce inflammation as a cause of bladder cancer.[41]​ Minimizing bladder exposure to cyclophosphamide chemotherapy and radiation therapy may help reduce iatrogenic bladder cancer.[46]​

Secondary prevention

Smoking cessation is recommended as active smoking appears to increase the risk of tumor recurrence and progression, and impair response to immunotherapy.​[135]​ See Smoking cessation.​

In people with type 2 diabetes, metformin intake improves bladder cancer survival outcomes.[150]

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