Complications
Myelosuppression (single-agent or combination chemotherapy).
Hemorrhagic cystitis (cyclophosphamide).
Immunosuppression leading to infections (single-agent or combination chemotherapy).
Peripheral neuropathy (vincristine).
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) (vincristine).
Constipation (vincristine).
Heart failure (anthracycline-based regimens).
Therapy-related dysplasia or acute leukemia (alkylating agents [e.g., cyclophosphamide or chlorambucil]).
Radiation therapy to the lung can cause acute phase adverse effects (e.g., pneumonitis) and long-term morbidity; consider lower dose radiation therapy.[60]
Xerostomia can occur following radiation therapy to the salivary gland.
Adverse effects associated with radiation therapy to the ocular adnexa are dose-dependent and include cataract and dry eye.[4][14] Late effects of high-dose involved site radiation therapy (ISRT) include retinopathy, optic atrophy, corneal ulceration, and glaucoma.[55]
Breast cancer can occur following radiation therapy to the thorax.
Other solid malignancies (e.g., thyroid cancer) and secondary leukemias (e.g., acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia) are associated with radiation therapy.
Occurs as a result of erosion of a blood vessel at the base of a gastric ulcer or due to generalized oozing from inflamed gastric tissue. Endoscopic injection of the base of the ulcer or, in severe cases, gastrectomy may be performed to treat.
May occur as a result of chronic blood loss due to gastric MALT lymphoma. The following iron profile confirms the diagnosis: low serum iron concentration, high total iron binding capacity (TIBC), low transferrin saturation levels, and low serum ferritin.
May occur during the first few days following initiation of chemotherapy as the stomach or intestinal wall thins out. Oversewing of the perforated area or conservative nonsurgical treatment are usually considered.
Most likely due to an enlarging mass unresponsive to treatment or due to intussusception. Treatment involves surgical resection and anastomosis.
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