Primary prevention
Early antibiotic therapy for streptococcal infection is helpful in preventing rheumatic fever.[16] However, the incidence of rheumatic fever began to fall before introduction of antibiotics, suggesting that other factors are involved.
Secondary prevention
Patients with a prosthetic cardiac valve or previous episode of infective endocarditis should receive antibiotic prophylaxis when undergoing high-risk procedures, such as dental procedures, and procedures on respiratory tract or infected skin, skin structures, or musculoskeletal tissue.[50]
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