Prognosis
Mortality depends on the host and clinical presentation (e.g., disseminated disease in a transplant patient versus cutaneous disease in an immunocompetent host after inoculation trauma). Mortality is 97% in untreated disease. Mortality is reduced to 30% in patients treated with a combination of medical and surgical therapy. Infection with Cunninghamella species and disseminated disease are associated with poor outcomes.[39]
Outlook based on disease type
Localised sinus disease has the best outlook with mortality <10%.
Primary cutaneous disease in transplant recipients has a mortality of about 30%.[76]
Pulmonary disease has a mortality of 55% with medical therapy alone and 27% with surgery. Of note, the diagnosis was made at autopsy in nearly 30% of the patients.[77]
Rhino-orbito-cerebral disease has a mortality >50% in the presence of central nervous system extension.[55]
Disseminated disease has the worst outlook with mortality of nearly 100%.[3]
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