Exact prevalence of osteochondritis dissecans of the knee is unknown, but it is estimated to be between 15 and 29 per 100,000 based on knee radiographs, but 1200 per 100,000 based on knee arthroscopy.[5]Crawford DC, Safran MR. Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2006 Feb;14(2):90-100.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16467184?tool=bestpractice.com
The condition is more common in males, with a 5:3 male-to-female ratio.[3]Kocher MS, Tucker R, Ganley TJ, et al. Management of osteochondritis dissecans of the knee: current concepts review. Am J Sports Med. 2006 Jul;34(7):1181-91.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16794036?tool=bestpractice.com
The highest rates occur in patients aged 10 to 20 years. [3]Kocher MS, Tucker R, Ganley TJ, et al. Management of osteochondritis dissecans of the knee: current concepts review. Am J Sports Med. 2006 Jul;34(7):1181-91.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16794036?tool=bestpractice.com
Incidence is increasing and mean age of presentation is decreasing as younger children and an increasing number of females participate in competitive sport.[3]Kocher MS, Tucker R, Ganley TJ, et al. Management of osteochondritis dissecans of the knee: current concepts review. Am J Sports Med. 2006 Jul;34(7):1181-91.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16794036?tool=bestpractice.com
There is no evidence to suggest that ethnicity is a factor. More than 70% of the lesions occur on the posterolateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle.
Osteochondral injuries of the talus occur in about 6.5% of all ankle sprains. The majority of these occur between the second and fourth decade of life, with the average age being 27 years.[6]Tol JL, Struijs PA, Bossuyt PM, et al. Treatment strategies in osteochondral defects of the talar dome: a systematic review. Foot Ank Int. 2000 Feb;21(2):119-26.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10694023?tool=bestpractice.com
Of these injuries, 56% involve the medial aspect of the talus and 44% involve the lateral aspect of the talus. The male-to-female ratio is 2:1.[6]Tol JL, Struijs PA, Bossuyt PM, et al. Treatment strategies in osteochondral defects of the talar dome: a systematic review. Foot Ank Int. 2000 Feb;21(2):119-26.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10694023?tool=bestpractice.com
In osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum, males are more commonly affected than females. The typical age is between 11 and 23 years.[7]van Bergen CJ, van den Ende KI, Ten Brinke B, et al. Osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum in adolescents. World J Orthop. 2016 Feb 18;7(2):102-8.
https://www.doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v7.i2.102
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26925381?tool=bestpractice.com
The dominant arm is almost always involved. Bilateral involvement is seen in up to 20% of the patients.[7]van Bergen CJ, van den Ende KI, Ten Brinke B, et al. Osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum in adolescents. World J Orthop. 2016 Feb 18;7(2):102-8.
https://www.doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v7.i2.102
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26925381?tool=bestpractice.com
It is strongly associated with baseball, gymnastics, weight-lifting, and racquet sports.[8]Yadao, MA, Field LD, Savoie FA. Osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow. Instr Course Lect. 2004;53:599-606.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15116649?tool=bestpractice.com