Investigations

1st investigations to order

dilated fundus examination

Test
Result
Test

Ophthalmoscopy is performed following pupillary dilation.

Where the cataract is a significant cause of the patient's visual loss, fundus examination and the optic nerve should appear normal.

Result

fundus and optic nerve normal

measurement of intra-ocular pressure

Test
Result
Test

Performed as part of the initial ophthalmology assessment.[35]

Result

normal, or may be elevated if associated glaucoma

glare vision test

Test
Result
Test

Vision is checked using the best-corrected spectacle prescription and a formal eye chart.[35]

Glare stress is induced using the brightness acuity tester, a hand-held instrument with an illuminated field pierced with a viewing aperture. This instrument allows the examiner to measure the patient's visual acuity under glare conditions that the patient might experience in the real world.

Result

significant cataract: reduced visual acuity under the conditions of glare stress

slit lamp examination of the anterior chamber

Test
Result
Test

Following pupillary dilation the lens is examined using a slit-lamp bio-microscope.[35] 

In children, and in adults unable to cooperate, examination and comparison of the red reflex using direct ophthalmoscopy can help quantify the severity of the cataract.[36]

Result

cataract visible

Investigations to consider

assessment of best visual potential

Test
Result
Test

It is important to assess best visual potential before commencing cataract surgery. This may involve pinhole acuity potential, potential acuity meter, or a macular optical coherence tomography imaging test.

Result

variable

B-scan ultrasonography

Test
Result
Test

View of the posterior pole may be compromised in a patient with dense cataract. Ultrasound is performed to assess gross retinal and vitreous status.

Result

normal; may occasionally detect pathology that influences surgical strategy

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