Early and effective management of any severe disease will prevent progression to shock in many cases. Examples are early recognition and treatment of sepsis, or timely re-perfusion with thrombolysis or angioplasty in myocardial infarction.[1]Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Nov;47(11):1181-247.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC8486643
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34599691?tool=bestpractice.com
[22]Brodie BR, Hansen C, Stuckey TD, et al. Door-to-balloon time with primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction impacts late cardiac mortality in high-risk patients and patients presenting early after the onset of symptoms. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Jan 17;47(2):289-95.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109705025027?via%3Dihub
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16412849?tool=bestpractice.com
Early detection of critical illness and deterioration is important to prevent the development of shock. Early warning scores are based on physiological variables such as heart rate and blood pressure, and they can easily be calculated at the bedside by nursing staff or doctors on any patient in whom there is cause for concern. These scores can be helpful in predicting potential deterioration and allow for early intervention. The exact scoring system in use tends to vary between hospitals and between countries: for example, in the UK the most commonly used score is the National Early Warning Score (NEWS2).[1]Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Nov;47(11):1181-247.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/pmc/articles/PMC8486643
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34599691?tool=bestpractice.com
[23]Royal College of Physicians. National early warning score (NEWS) 2: standardising the assessment of acute-illness severity in the NHS. December 2017 [internet publication].
https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/projects/outputs/national-early-warning-score-news-2
[24]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Suspected sepsis: recognition, diagnosis and early management. Mar 2024 [internet publication].
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng51