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1

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

Clinical classification and prevalence of pulmonary hypertension. CTEPH, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension; CpCPH, combined post- and pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension; IpcPH, isolated post-capillary pulmonary hypertension; mPAP, mean pulmonary arterial pressure; PH, pulmonary hypertension; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance

Adapted from Eur Heart J, Volume 43, Issue 38, 7 October 2022, 3618–731; used with permission

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2

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

ECG showing a tall R wave and small S wave (R/S ratio >1) in lead V1, qR complex in V1, right axis deviation, and right atrial enlargement (P wave ≥2.5 mm in lead II)

From the personal collection of the author, Gustavo A. Heresi, MD

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4

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

Comprehensive risk assessment in pulmonary arterial hypertension (three-strata model)

European Heart Journal. 2022 Oct 7;43(38):3618-731; used with permission

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3

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

Transthoracic echocardiogram: apical 4-chamber view showing significant right atrial and right ventricular dilation

From the personal collection of the author, Gustavo A. Heresi, MD

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5

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

Variables used to calculate the simplified four-strata risk-assessment tool

​European Heart Journal. 2022 Oct 7;43(38):3618-731; used with permission

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