Emerging treatments
Targeted molecular therapies
Anti-angiogenic therapies, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, DNA-alkylating agents, and immunotherapies are all under investigation for the treatment of phaeochromocytomas.[81][91]
HSP90 inhibitors
Research has indicated that heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is over-expressed in malignant phaeochromocytomas. New drugs have been developed to specifically inhibit HSP90, which may in the future play a role in treatment of malignant phaeochromocytomas.[92]
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