Cerebral arteriovenous malformation

No reversible factors have been identified that contribute to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) development and progression. However, several reversible risk factors have been identified for AVM haemorrhage, including hypertension and illicit drug use. While other vascular risk factors such as diabetes and smoking have not been demonstrated to affect the behaviour of AVMs, monitoring and normalising them is recommended to reduce the risk of additional cerebro-vascular disease and the associated loss of autoregulation.