Complications
Loss of sensation and poor mobility combine to put pressure points at risk.
The single most important predictor of the final neurologic outcome is the patient's neurologic status at diagnosis. Once neurologic deficit is present, the degree and progression of the deficit can be formidable. Recovery from paralysis in lower spinal segments is rare. The exception is tuberculosis infection: recovery rates up to 50% are seen in these patients. Late complications can include spinal deformity and angulation.
Patients at increased risk of thrombosis should be given prophylaxis to prevent venous thromboembolism and possible pulmonary embolism.[57] Treatment should begin no later than 72 hours after presentation. Pharmacologic prophylaxis should be used unless contraindicated; non-pharmacologic measures (e.g., graduated compression stockings, intermittent pneumatic compression devices) may be used for patients at high risk for bleeding.[57] Anticoagulation is the mainstay of therapy for established DVT. Refer to local guidelines for choice of anticoagulant.
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