Mortality from liver abscess has been decreasing since about the late 1980s with the advent of new drainage techniques and antibiotics. In series of patients with liver abscess, in-hospital mortality ranged from 2.5% to 19%.[3]Kaplan GG, Gregson DB, Laupland KB. Population-based study of the epidemiology of and the risk factors for pyogenic liver abscess. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2004 Nov;2(11):1032-8.
https://www.cghjournal.org/article/S1542-3565(04)00459-8/fulltext
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[4]Mohsen AH, Green ST, Read RC, et al. Liver abscess in adults: ten years experience in a UK centre. QJM. 2002 Dec;95(12):797-802.
https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/article/95/12/797/1572029/Liver-abscess-in-adults-ten-years-experience-in-a
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12454322?tool=bestpractice.com
[6]Meddings L, Myers RP, Hubbard J, et al. A population-based study of pyogenic liver abscesses in the United States: incidence, mortality, and temporal trends. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010 Jan;105(1):117-24.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19888200?tool=bestpractice.com
[9]Jepsen P, Vilstrup H, Schønheyder HC, et al. A nationwide study of the incidence and 30-day mortality rate of pyogenic liver abscess in Denmark, 1977-2002. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005 May 15;21(10):1185-8.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02487.x/full
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15882238?tool=bestpractice.com
[17]Alvarez Pérez JA, González JJ, Baldonedo RF, et al. Clinical course, treatment, and multivariate analysis of risk factors for pyogenic liver abscess. Am J Surg. 2001 Feb;181(2):177-86.
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[70]Ruiz-Hernández JJ, León-Mazorra M, Conde-Martel A, et al. Pyogenic liver abscesses: mortality-related factors. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Oct;19(10):853-8.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17873608?tool=bestpractice.com
In a large population-based study in the US, the in-hospital mortality for pyogenic liver abscess was 5.6% and was stable from 1994 to 2005.[6]Meddings L, Myers RP, Hubbard J, et al. A population-based study of pyogenic liver abscesses in the United States: incidence, mortality, and temporal trends. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010 Jan;105(1):117-24.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19888200?tool=bestpractice.com
Increased morbidity is associated with increasing age, shock, intensive care unit admission, bacteremia, multiple comorbidities, cirrhosis, chronic renal failure, cancer, jaundice, fungal infection, biliary origin of the abscess, acute respiratory failure, inadequate antibiotic therapy, and increased severity of illness.[6]Meddings L, Myers RP, Hubbard J, et al. A population-based study of pyogenic liver abscesses in the United States: incidence, mortality, and temporal trends. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010 Jan;105(1):117-24.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19888200?tool=bestpractice.com
[70]Ruiz-Hernández JJ, León-Mazorra M, Conde-Martel A, et al. Pyogenic liver abscesses: mortality-related factors. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Oct;19(10):853-8.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17873608?tool=bestpractice.com
[71]Chen SC, Huang CC, Tsai SJ, et al. Severity of disease as main predictor for mortality in patients with pyogenic liver abscess. Am J Surg. 2009 Aug;198(2):164-72.
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[72]Chen W, Chen CH, Chiu KL, et al. Clinical outcome and prognostic factors of patients with pyogenic liver abscess requiring intensive care. Crit Care Med. 2008 Apr;36(4):1184-8.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18379245?tool=bestpractice.com
Studies have examined the link between cryptogenic liver abscess and colorectal cancer. One meta-analysis found that patients with liver abscess had an increased risk of colorectal cancer, particularly if the abscess is caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.[73]Mohan BP, Meyyur Aravamudan V, Khan SR, et al. Prevalence of colorectal cancer in cryptogenic pyogenic liver abscess patients. do they need screening colonoscopy? a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Liver Dis. 2019 Dec;51(12):1641-5.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31601537?tool=bestpractice.com
Most of the studies included were from East Asia and the data were heterogenous. So the association is uncertain.[73]Mohan BP, Meyyur Aravamudan V, Khan SR, et al. Prevalence of colorectal cancer in cryptogenic pyogenic liver abscess patients. do they need screening colonoscopy? a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Liver Dis. 2019 Dec;51(12):1641-5.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31601537?tool=bestpractice.com
Colonoscopy can be considered. Recurrence of a liver abscess is more common in patients with an underlying biliary tract abnormality than in those without biliary disease.[66]Cheng HC, Chang WL, Chen WY, et al. Long-term outcome of pyogenic liver abscess: factors related with abscess recurrence. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2008 Nov-Dec;42(10):1110-5.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18458641?tool=bestpractice.com