Keloids are only found in humans and occur in 1% to 16% of the population, with significant ethnicity-related differences.[2]Limandjaja GC, Niessen FB, Scheper RJ, et al. The keloid disorder: heterogeneity, histopathology, mechanisms and models. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020;8:360.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cell-and-developmental-biology/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.00360/full
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32528951?tool=bestpractice.com
Keloids are most common among Afro-Caribbean people, with an estimated incidence of 5% to 10%.[3]Huang C, Wu Z, Du Y, Ogawa R. The epidemiology of keloids. In: Téot L, Mustoe TA, Middelkoop E, et al., eds. Textbook on scar management: state of the art management and emerging technologies [Internet]. Cham: Springer; 2020.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK586088
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36351127?tool=bestpractice.com
Some studies report an increased prevalence in Asian people compared with white people.[4]Ung CY, Warwick A, Onoufriadis A, et al. Comorbidities of keloid and hypertrophic scars among participants in UK biobank. JAMA Dermatol. 2023 Feb 1;159(2):172-81.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/fullarticle/2800120
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36598763?tool=bestpractice.com
[5]Tulandi T, Al-Sannan B, Akbar G, et al. Prospective study of intraabdominal adhesions among women of different races with or without keloids. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011 Feb;204(2):132.e1-4.
https://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378(10)01131-2/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20974460?tool=bestpractice.com
However, the reported incidence is similar in Japan (0.1%) and England (0.09%).[3]Huang C, Wu Z, Du Y, Ogawa R. The epidemiology of keloids. In: Téot L, Mustoe TA, Middelkoop E, et al., eds. Textbook on scar management: state of the art management and emerging technologies [Internet]. Cham: Springer; 2020.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK586088
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36351127?tool=bestpractice.com
It is thought that men and women are equally affected. The average age at onset is 10-30 years.[6]Bayat A, Arscott G, Ollier WE, et al. Keloid disease: clinical relevance of single versus multiple site scars. Br J Plast Surg. 2005 Jan;58(1):28-37.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15629164?tool=bestpractice.com