ebpracticenet urges you to prioritize the following organizational guidance:
Acute KeelpijnPublished by: Werkgroep Ontwikkeling Richtlijnen Eerste Lijn (Worel)Last published: 2017Mal de gorge aiguPublished by: Groupe de Travail Développement de recommmandations de première ligneLast published: 2017
Bacterial pharyngitis, in temperate climates, is more common in winter (or early spring), while enteroviral infection is more common in the summer and fall.[1]Shulman ST, Bisno AL, Clegg HW, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis: 2012 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (Archived). Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Nov 15;55(10):e86-102.
http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/55/10/e86.long
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22965026?tool=bestpractice.com
[2]Sawyer MH. Enterovirus infections: diagnosis and treatment. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2002 Jan;13(1):40-7.
https://www.doi.org/10.1053/spid.2002.29756
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12118843?tool=bestpractice.com
Pharyngitis is most common among school-aged children during the winter months. Acute pharyngitis accounts for about 2% to 5% of pediatric hospital visits.[14]Pellegrino R, Timitilli E, Verga MC, et al. Acute pharyngitis in children and adults: descriptive comparison of current recommendations from national and international guidelines and future perspectives. Eur J Pediatr. 2023 Dec;182(12):5259-73.
https://www.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-023-05211-w
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37819417?tool=bestpractice.com
Seasonal colonization with group A Streptococcus (GAS) reaches its peak (up to 20% of children) during the winter season.[1]Shulman ST, Bisno AL, Clegg HW, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis: 2012 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (Archived). Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Nov 15;55(10):e86-102.
http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/55/10/e86.long
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22965026?tool=bestpractice.com
[15]Tanz RR, Shulman ST. Chronic pharyngeal carriage of group A streptococci. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007 Feb;26(2):175-6.
https://www.doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000255328.19808.be
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17259882?tool=bestpractice.com
One study demonstrated that 48% of children ages 3-12 years were colonized with GAS at some point over the two year study.[16]Frenck RW Jr, Laudat F, Liang J, et al. A longitudinal study of group a streptococcal colonization and pharyngitis in US children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2023 Dec 1;42(12):1045-50.
https://www.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004111
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37768176?tool=bestpractice.com
In the US, GAS pharyngitis is most common during the winter and spring.[4]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pharyngitis (strep throat). Jun 2022 [internet publication].
https://www.cdc.gov/groupastrep/diseases-hcp/strep-throat.html
GAS pharyngitis is the focal point of clinical interest in pharyngitis, as the main goal of therapy is prevention of rheumatic fever associated with this organism. GAS is responsible for 20% to 30% of sore throats in children and 5% to 15% of sore throats in adults.[4]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pharyngitis (strep throat). Jun 2022 [internet publication].
https://www.cdc.gov/groupastrep/diseases-hcp/strep-throat.html