Epidemiology

Narcolepsy is a relatively rare condition; it is estimated to affect 0.87% to 1.21% of the world’s population and is the second most common cause of disabling daytime sleepiness after obstructive sleep apnea.[7][8]​​ Estimated prevalence in the US is 44.3 per 100,000 people, and lower rates have been reported in western Europe.[9][10][11][12][13]​​​​ Narcolepsy affects both sexes, with a slight male preponderance.[14][15]

It can be diagnosed at any age but is more typically diagnosed during childhood or adolescence, with rare cases described in children <5 years and people >75 years.[16]

Although the prevalence of narcolepsy is reported to have increased by 14% from 2013 to 2016 in the US, it is unclear whether this reflects increased incidence or an increased awareness and recognition of the condition.[9]

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