Secondary prevention should be aimed at preventing patients from acquiring disease-modifying infections and processes that may lead to disease progression. One systematic review found low-quality evidence that segregation can prevent infection spread, and noted the ethical difficulty researching this topic.[194]Rowbotham NJ, Palser SC, Smith SJ, et al. Infection prevention and control in cystic fibrosis: a systematic review of interventions. Expert Rev Respir Med. 2019 May;13(5):425-34.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17476348.2019.1595594
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30892097?tool=bestpractice.com
For example, patients with CF who are colonized with Burkholderia cepacia complex should be isolated from those without B cepacia because of the potential for patient-to-patient transmission.
Frequent hand cleaning, wearing gowns and gloves, and keeping people with CF a safe distance from each other are important infection control strategies for Pseudomonas.[195]Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. Pseudomonas [internet publication].
https://www.cff.org/managing-cf/pseudomonas
[196]Saiman L, Siegel JD, LiPuma JJ, et al. Infection prevention and control guideline for cystic fibrosis: 2013 update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014 Aug;35(suppl 1):S1-S67.
https://www.cff.org/medical-professionals/infection-prevention-and-control-clinical-care-guidelines
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25025126?tool=bestpractice.com
Immunizations should be offered to all individuals who are eligible, according to local or national guidance (e.g., influenza and COVID-19).[148]Borowitz D, Robinson KA, Rosenfeld M, et al; Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. Cystic Fibrosis Foundation evidence-based guidelines for management of infants with cystic fibrosis. J Pediatr. 2009 Dec;155(suppl 6):S73-93.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6324931
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19914445?tool=bestpractice.com
[197]Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Adult immunization schedule by age: recommendations for ages 19 years or older, United States, 2024. Nov 2023 [internet publication].
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/imz/adult.html