The prevalence of chronic cough is estimated to be between 5% and 33% depending on the definition and diagnostic methodology employed.[5]Meltzer EO, Zeiger RS, Dicpinigaitis P, et al. Prevalence and burden of chronic cough in the United States. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021 Nov;9(11):4037-44.e2.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34333189?tool=bestpractice.com
[6]Liang H, Ye W, Wang Z, et al. Prevalence of chronic cough in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pulm Med. 2022 Feb 12;22(1):62.
https://bmcpulmmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12890-022-01847-w
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35151307?tool=bestpractice.com
[7]Chung KF, Pavord ID. Prevalence, pathogenesis, and causes of chronic cough. Lancet 2008 Apr 19;371(9621):1364-74.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18424325?tool=bestpractice.com
Within a population of patients with chronic cough it is estimated that approximately 10% to 70% of cases are associated with upper airway abnormalities that fulfill the criteria for upper airway cough syndrome.[3]Morice AH. Post-nasal drip syndrome - a symptom to be sniffed at? Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2004;17(6):343-5.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15564073?tool=bestpractice.com
[8]Mello CJ, Irwin RS, Curley FJ. Predictive values of the character, timing, and complications of chronic cough in diagnosing its cause. Arch Intern Med. 1996 May 13;156(9):997-1003.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8624180?tool=bestpractice.com
[9]Irwin RS, Corrao WM, Pratter MR. Chronic persistent cough in the adult: the spectrum and frequency of causes and successful outcome of specific therapy. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1981 Apr;123(4 Pt 1):413-7.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7224353?tool=bestpractice.com
Significant global differences exist. In studies from Japan and the US, upper airway abnormalities are reported to be the most common cause of chronic cough.[7]Chung KF, Pavord ID. Prevalence, pathogenesis, and causes of chronic cough. Lancet 2008 Apr 19;371(9621):1364-74.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18424325?tool=bestpractice.com
[10]Kohno S, Ishida T, Uchida Y, et al. The Japanese Respiratory Society guidelines for management of cough. Respirology. 2006 Sep;11 Suppl 4:S135-86.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16913879?tool=bestpractice.com
However, in the UK fewer than 25% of patients reported a postnasal drip sensation during an episode of chronic cough.[3]Morice AH. Post-nasal drip syndrome - a symptom to be sniffed at? Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2004;17(6):343-5.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15564073?tool=bestpractice.com
This variance may be due to a true global variation, or may relate to differing global definitions, different levels of awareness of the symptom by different populations, and a lack of standardized methodology for evaluating these symptoms.[2]Macedo P, Saleh H, Torrego A, et al. Postnasal drip and chronic cough: an open interventional study. Respir Med. 2009 Nov;103(11):1700-5.
http://www.resmedjournal.com/article/S0954-6111(09)00153-X/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19481918?tool=bestpractice.com
In formal research settings, where the studies have stringent criteria, the prevalence of nasal disease coexisting with chronic cough tends to be lower.[11]Niimi A, Torrego A, Nicholson AG, et al. Nature of airway inflammation and remodeling in chronic cough. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005 Sep;116(3):565-70.
http://www.jacionline.org/article/S0091-6749(05)01647-7/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16159625?tool=bestpractice.com