Secondary prevention
Hepatitis A and B immunisation in those with negative serum antibodies may help reduce morbidity and mortality.
From the age of 15 years, all patients with co-existing inflammatory bowel disease should undergo high-definition surveillance colonoscopy regularly due to a high risk of colorectal cancer. US guidance suggests 1- to 2-year surveillance intervals, whereas European guidelines recommend surveillance annually, with 1- to 2-year intervals if there is no inflammatory activity.[2][3][30][34][40]
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