Prematurity is common, with a global prevalence of 9.9%.[3]Ohuma EO, Moller AB, Bradley E, et al. National, regional, and global estimates of preterm birth in 2020, with trends from 2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2023 Oct 7;402(10409):1261-71.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(23)00878-4/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37805217?tool=bestpractice.com
The incidence of prematurity is increasing despite an improved understanding of the risk factors and mechanisms surrounding preterm labour. Prematurity occurs primarily as a result of maternal or fetal causes, and also as a result of the increased utilisation of assisted conception technology.[2]Goldenberg RL, Culhane JF, Iams JD, et al. Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Lancet. 2008 Jan 5;371(9606):75-84.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18177778?tool=bestpractice.com
The risk of preterm birth is higher in black women than white women.[4]Manuck TA. Racial and ethnic differences in preterm birth: a complex, multifactorial problem. Semin Perinatol. 2017 Dec;41(8):511-8.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6381592
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28941962?tool=bestpractice.com
Almost 85% of preterm infants are born between 32 and 37 weeks’ gestation.[5]Chawanpaiboon S, Vogel JP, Moller AB, et al. Global, regional, and national estimates of levels of preterm birth in 2014: a systematic review and modelling analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2019 Jan;7(1):e37-46.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(18)30451-0/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30389451?tool=bestpractice.com
In 2020, an estimated 13.4 million births worldwide were preterm, with southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa accounting for 65% of these births.[3]Ohuma EO, Moller AB, Bradley E, et al. National, regional, and global estimates of preterm birth in 2020, with trends from 2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2023 Oct 7;402(10409):1261-71.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(23)00878-4/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37805217?tool=bestpractice.com