Sunburn

It is important that patients are made aware that sunburn is evidence of direct ultraviolet (UV) damage to the skin, with potential long-term consequences of photo-ageing and skin cancer.

Patients should employ cool compresses or baths ± colloidal oatmeal to promote skin cooling and reduce inflammation. Emollient creams, topical aloe vera, and over-the-counter analgesics may also be used for symptomatic relief.

The physician should advise on how to prevent future sunburn and monitor for complications of acute sunburn.

Sun avoidance should be practised during peak hours (10 a.m. to 4 p.m.).

Sun-shielding agents, such as protective clothing and broad-spectrum sunscreens, should be employed.

Tanning beds or other suntan-seeking behaviour should be avoided.

Individuals should be made aware of photo-sensitising properties of both prescription and non-prescription medications.

High-risk patients (skin types I to III) should undergo periodic self-examination as well as total body skin examination by a physician to evaluate for signs of actinic damage.