Case history
Case history #1
A 35-year-old white man presents with a history of unprotected insertive anal sex with 2 male partners and a 3-day history of urethral irritation, dysuria, and purulent discharge at the meatus.
Case history #2
A 24-year-old black woman presents with a history of unprotected vaginal sex with one male partner who told her that he had purulent urethral discharge that was treated as gonorrhoea 1 week ago. The woman has had some increased vaginal discharge and pain with intercourse.
Other presentations
Gonorrhoea can be symptomatic or asymptomatic at any site where unprotected sex has occurred. Pharyngeal gonorrhoea is most often asymptomatic but can cause tonsillitis or pharyngitis.[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Patient with gonococcal pharyngitisUS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/ Dr N. J. Flumara, Dr Gavin Hart [Citation ends].
Rectal gonorrhoea infection can also be asymptomatic or have symptoms of rectal pain and discharge. Although gonococcal urethritis is typically symptomatic, it can also be asymptomatic. Women with cervicitis may have no obvious symptoms or signs such as mucopurulent discharge at the cervical os. Similarly, upper genital tract infections (epididymitis, prostatitis, orchitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease) do not always have overt signs of urethritis or cervicitis. Exposure to infected genital secretions can lead to gonorrhoea conjunctivitis that presents with thick white/yellow discharge.[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Gonococcal conjunctivitis of the right eyeUS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/ Joe Miller, VD [Citation ends].
A more severe and uncommon presentation of gonorrhoea is disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI), which results from gonococcal bacteraemia. DGI can present with petechial or pustular acral skin lesions, asymmetrical arthralgia, tenosynovitis, or septic arthritis.[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Gonococcal arthritic patient with inflammation of the skin of her right arm due to a disseminated Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacterial infectionUS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/ Emory [Citation ends].
[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Cutaneous lesions on the left ankle and calf due to a disseminated Neisseria gonorrhoeae infectionUS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/ Dr S. E. Thompson, VDCD/ J. Pledger [Citation ends].
It is occasionally complicated by perihepatitis, endocarditis, meningitis, or myocarditis. Patients with DGI may have no urogenital symptoms.[2]
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