Viral gastroenteritis in adults

The prognosis is excellent for most patients with viral gastroenteritis. However, if volume depletion and electrolyte disturbances are not recognised and managed properly, this condition can cause serious morbidity and mortality. Usually, once patients recover, there are no long-term consequences.

Intolerance of carbohydrates (e.g., lactose) and proteins (cows' milk, soya protein) can develop in a minority of patients after an episode of viral gastroenteritis. Careful avoidance of lactose or other foods to which the patient is intolerant might be sufficient to avoid symptoms. Reintroduction of such foods without adverse consequences is possible in most cases after complete recovery. Emerging evidence suggests that some patients can develop irritable bowel syndrome after an acute gastroenteritis episode, but the evidence is limited.[36]Shariati A, Fallah F, Pormohammad A, et al. The possible role of bacteria, viruses, and parasites in initiation and exacerbation of irritable bowel syndrome. J Cell Physiol. 2019 Jun;234(6):8550-69. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30480810?tool=bestpractice.com