Viral gastroenteritis in adults

Normal feeding should continue for patients with no dehydration and can resume immediately after correction of dehydration if present.[17]Farthing M, Salam MA, Lindberg G, et al. Acute diarrhea in adults and children: a global perspective. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2013 Jan;47(1):12-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23222211?tool=bestpractice.com

• The patient should eat as and when they feel able to. Avoid restricted diets.

• Explain that they should avoid fluids high in sugar and very low in sodium (such as some fruit juices) as these may exacerbate diarrhoea.[17]Farthing M, Salam MA, Lindberg G, et al. Acute diarrhea in adults and children: a global perspective. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2013 Jan;47(1):12-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23222211?tool=bestpractice.com

• Counsel the patient about possible complications, such as lactose intolerance and protein intolerance, after an episode of acute gastroenteritis.

Provide all affected patients and visitors with information on measures to reduce the risk of transmission.[23]British Infection Association; Healthcare Infection Society; Health Protection Agency; Infection Prevention Society; National Concern for Healthcare Infections; NHS Confederation. Guidelines for the management of norovirus outbreaks in acute and community health and social care settings. March 2012 [internet publication]. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/322943/Guidance_for_managing_norovirus_outbreaks_in_healthcare_settings.pdf

• Advise visitors of the personal risk and how they might reduce this risk.

• Encourage and assist patients with hand hygiene.

• Ensure that patients wash hands with soap and warm water.

• Avoid contaminated food and water. Explain that leaving exposed food out on the ward, such as a fruit bowl, is not advisable.