Emerging treatments

Botulinum toxin

Botulinum toxin injection (usually botulinum toxin type A) is an emerging treatment option that may be used as an adjunctive or alternative therapy to anticholinergic medications. However, the effect is temporary (i.e., 3-6 months), and safety and long-term efficacy are yet to be established.[132]

Mirabegron

Mirabegron, a beta-3 adrenergic receptor agonist, has shown efficacy in treating neurogenic detrusor overactivity in children aged ≥3 years to <18 years.[133] The US Food and Drug Administration has approved mirabegron extended-release tablets and extended-release oral suspension for this indication in children aged ≥3 years.

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