Coarctation of the aorta is a common congenital heart defect, constituting about 5% to 8% of all congenital heart defects.[3]Raza S, Aggarwal S, Jenkins P, et al. Coarctation of the aorta: diagnosis and management. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Jun 27;13(13):2189.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10340190
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37443581?tool=bestpractice.com
In the US, it occurs more frequently in males than in females. Most cases are sporadic, although recent evidence shows a familial link with nonsyndromic left ventricular outflow tract obstructive lesions.[4]McBride KL, Pignatelli R, Lewin M, et al. Inheritance analysis of congenital left ventricular outflow tract obstruction malformations: segregation, multiplex relative risk, and heritability. Am J Med Genet A. 2005 Apr 15;134A(2):180-6.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1361302
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[5]Wessels, MW, Berger, RM, Frohn-Mulder IM, et al. Autosomal dominant inheritance of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Am J Med Genet A. 2005 Apr 15;134A(2):171-9.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15712195?tool=bestpractice.com
Aortic coarctation is often seen in association with other cardiovascular malformations, such as bicuspid aortic valve and ventricular septal defect. It has been increasingly thought of as part of a more global arteriopathy rather than a strictly isolated lesion. There are also syndromic associations including Shone complex, Turner syndrome, DiGeorge syndrome, and hypoplastic left heart syndrome.[4]McBride KL, Pignatelli R, Lewin M, et al. Inheritance analysis of congenital left ventricular outflow tract obstruction malformations: segregation, multiplex relative risk, and heritability. Am J Med Genet A. 2005 Apr 15;134A(2):180-6.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1361302
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15690347?tool=bestpractice.com