The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) increases with age, beginning after 40 years of age.[2]Writing Committee Members; Gornik HL, Aronow HD, Goodney PP, et al. 2024 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/APMA/ABC/SCAI/SVM/SVN/SVS/SIR/VESS guideline for the management of lower extremity peripheral artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2024 Jun 18;83(24):2497-604.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0735109724003814
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38752899?tool=bestpractice.com
[3]Norgren L, Hiatt WR, Dormandy JA, et al; TASC II Working Group. Inter-society consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II). J Vasc Surg. 2007;45(suppl S):S5-67.
https://www.jvascsurg.org/article/S0741-5214(06)02296-8/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17223489?tool=bestpractice.com
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, PAD, as defined by abnormal ankle-brachial index of <0.90, was prevalent in 1.0% among a 40- to 49-year-old population. However, with increasing age the prevalence increased.
CDC: peripheral arterial disease fact sheet
Opens in new window In the age group of 50-59 years the prevalence was around 3.0% to 5.0%, in the age group of 60-69 years it was around 5.0%, and in those over the age of 80 years it was >20.0% (and even >25.0% in men).
The prevalence is similar in the US to the rate in other developed countries. Of note, African-Americans have a higher prevalence of PAD, even after accounting for other risk factors.[4]Allison MA, Armstrong DG, Goodney PP, et al. Health disparities in peripheral artery disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023 Jul 18;148(3):286-96.
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001153
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37317860?tool=bestpractice.com
In high-income countries, the prevalence of PAD is equal between women and men.[5]Fowkes FG, Rudan D, Rudan I, et al. Comparison of global estimates of prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in 2000 and 2010: a systematic review and analysis. Lancet. 2013 Oct 19;382(9901):1329-40.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23915883?tool=bestpractice.com
[6]Kim ESH, Arya S, Bryce Y, et al. Sex differences in peripheral vascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 11 Mar 2025 [Epub ahead of print].
https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001310
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40066579?tool=bestpractice.com
PAD is often under-recognized and undertreated and is a global public health issue.[3]Norgren L, Hiatt WR, Dormandy JA, et al; TASC II Working Group. Inter-society consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II). J Vasc Surg. 2007;45(suppl S):S5-67.
https://www.jvascsurg.org/article/S0741-5214(06)02296-8/fulltext
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17223489?tool=bestpractice.com
[5]Fowkes FG, Rudan D, Rudan I, et al. Comparison of global estimates of prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in 2000 and 2010: a systematic review and analysis. Lancet. 2013 Oct 19;382(9901):1329-40.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23915883?tool=bestpractice.com
[7]Watson K, Watson BD, Pater KS. Peripheral arterial disease: a review of disease awareness and management. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother. 2006 Dec;4(4):365-79.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17296541?tool=bestpractice.com
The impact on patients' lives cannot be overstated.[8]Abaraogu UO, Ezenwankwo EF, Dall PM, et al. Living a burdensome and demanding life: A qualitative systematic review of the patients experiences of peripheral arterial disease. PLoS One. 2018 Nov 15;13(11):e0207456.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6237376
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30440040?tool=bestpractice.com