Alcohol withdrawal

Patients may describe persistent insomnia and autonomic symptoms for a few months after the acute withdrawal phase. These symptoms usually last about 6 months. About 50% of patients remain abstinent for a year after withdrawal. Relapse prevention can be achieved by counseling strategies, self-help groups (e.g., Alcoholics Anonymous), and pharmacotherapy.[51]O'Connor P. Alcohol abuse and dependence. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D. eds. Cecil textbook of medicine. 22nd ed. St. Louis, MO: W.B. Saunders Company; 2004:17.[113]Alcoholism and alcohol abuse (alcohol dependence, DSM-1V 303.90; alcohol abuse, DSM-1V 305.00). In: Moore DP, Jefferson JW, eds. Handbook of medical psychiatry. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier-Mosby; 2004.