Summary
Definition
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- inability to bear weight
- pain in affected leg/hip
- pain with hip movement
Risk factors
- osteoporosis/osteopenia
- age over 65 years
- falls
- low body mass index
- female sex
- high-energy trauma
- medications
- ethnicity
- dementia
Diagnostic tests
Tests to consider
- MRI pelvis (without contrast)
- CT pelvis (without contrast)
- technetium bone scan
Treatment algorithm
Contributors
Expert advisers
Herman Johal, MD, MPH, FRCSC
Orthopaedic Trauma Surgeon
Assistant Professor
Department of Surgery
McMaster University
Hamilton, Ontario
Canada
Disclosures
HJ declares that he has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements
Dr Herman Johal would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Bradley A. Petrisor and Dr Mohit Bhandari, the previous contributors to this topic.
Disclosures
BAP and MB declare that they have no competing interests.
Peer reviewers
Marc F. Swiontkowski, MD
Professor
Department of Orthopedic Surgery
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis
MN
Disclosures
MFS is Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.
Rudolf Poolman, MD, PhD
Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon
Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis
Teaching Hospital with The University of Amsterdam
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Disclosures
RP has been reimbursed by LINK for organizing education and research consultancy.
David Hackam, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor of Surgery
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh
PA
Disclosures
DH declares that he has no competing interests.
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