Screening
Screening tests are generally most applicable to prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, however, several screening programs for type 1 diabetes are available in the US and Europe.[1] Asymptomatic people with family history of autoimmune diabetes, or personal or family history of allergy or other autoimmune diseases may be considered for screening.[1] Screening for presymptomatic type 1 diabetes may be done by detection of autoantibodies to insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase, islet antigen 2, or zinc transporter 8.[1] Multiple confirmed islet autoantibodies is a risk factor for clinical diabetes.[1] Testing for dysglycemia may be used for further staging of type 1 diabetes.[1] When multiple islet autoantibodies are identified, referral to a specialized center for further evaluation and/or consideration of a clinical trial or approved therapy to potentially delay development of clinical diabetes (stage 3) should be considered.[1]
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