Criteria

There have been a number of similar sets of diagnostic criteria proposed for PMR, none of which has been accepted as a universal standard. These are as follows.

An evaluation of criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica[41]

Criteria: must have any 3 factors, or just 1 and a temporal artery biopsy positive for giant cell arteritis

  • Age over 65 years

  • Bilateral shoulder girdle pain

  • More than 1 hour morning stiffness

  • Symptom onset <2 weeks

  • ESR >40 mm/hour

  • Depression/weight loss

  • Upper arm tenderness, bilateral.

Prognosis and management of polymyalgia rheumatica[27]

Criteria: all required

  • Bilateral shoulder girdle and pelvic girdle pain

  • Morning stiffness of any duration

  • Greater than 2 months

  • ESR >30 mm/hour or CRP protein >6 mg/L

  • Other diagnoses excluded

  • Rapid improvement with corticosteroids.

Polymyalgia rheumatica: a 10-year epidemiologic and clinical study[42]

Criteria: all required

  • Age over 50 years

  • Bilateral neck, shoulder girdle, or pelvic girdle pain (need 2 of 3 factors)

  • Greater than 30 minutes of morning stiffness

  • More than 1 month duration of symptoms

  • ESR >40 mm/hour

  • Other diagnoses excluded.

Long-term follow-up of polymyalgia rheumatica: evidence for synovitis[43]

Criteria: age and duration required with any 3 of the remaining factors

  • Age over 50 years

  • Bilateral neck, shoulder girdle, or pelvic girdle pain

  • More than 1 hour morning stiffness

  • More than 1 month duration of symptoms

  • ESR above upper limit of normal

  • Other diagnoses excluded

  • Rapid improvement with <20 mg of prednisone.

Provisional classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica[44]

The lack of definitive classification criteria for PMR presents a problem for patient evaluation in clinical studies and the development of reliable diagnostic criteria. The European League Against Rheumatism and the American College of Rheumatology established a collaborative working group to develop classification criteria for PMR. A set of consensus-based criteria were developed over several years via a multistep process. These criteria were used prospectively comparing new-onset PMR patients with a control group with conditions mimicking patients with PMR. The results were then used to generate a scoring algorithm for the classification of PMR. The criteria (all required) and proposed algorithm are as follows:

  • Age 50 years or over

  • Bilateral shoulder aching

  • Abnormal CRP and/or ESR.[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Scoring algorithm for the classification of PMRAdapted from Dasgupta B, et al. 2012 Provisional classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheum. 2012:64:943-954 [Citation ends].com.bmj.content.model.Caption@579b06bb

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