Criteria
Positive history and examination findings: symptoms of inspiratory or biphasic wheeze, inspiratory stridor, episodic dyspnea, cough, throat tightness, dysphonia and/or laryngospasm, presence of a sensory trigger, and palpable laryngeal tension on examination.[35]
No response to asthma treatment, or worsening of symptoms with inhalers.
Abnormal laryngeal findings with flexible nasolaryngoscopy; however, a normal examination does not exclude a diagnosis of paradoxical vocal fold motion (intermittent laryngeal obstruction) (PVFM/ILO).[75][85]
Truncated inspiratory loop on spirometry; however, normal inspiratory loops do not exclude a diagnosis of PVFM/ILO.[85][86][75]
Exclusion of other types of laryngeal disease.
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