International guidelines

Rest of the world

Practice parameter for specifications and performance of image-guided percutaneous drainage/aspiration of abscesses and fluid collections (PDAFC)[30]

Published by:American College of Radiology; Society of Interventional Radiology; Society for Pediatric Radiology

Last published:2023

The British Thoracic Society Guideline for pleural disease

Published by:British Thoracic Society

Last published:2023

ACR Appropriateness Criteria: radiologic management of infected fluid collections[61]

Published by:American College of Radiology

Last published:2019

The American Association for Thoracic Surgery consensus guidelines for the management of empyema[8]

Published by:American Association for Thoracic Surgery

Last published:2017

EACTS expert consensus statement for surgical management of pleural empyema[22]

Published by:European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery

Last published:2015

Paediatric complicated pneumonia: diagnosis and management of empyema[26]

Published by:Canadian Paediatric Society

Last published:2011 (updated 2018)

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