Emerging treatments
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor
Systematic reviews of placebo- and active-controlled randomised trials indicate that HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors increase haemoglobin levels, and improve iron utilisation, in pre-dialysis and long-term dialysis patients with anaemia.[96][97][98][99]
Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta
One Cochrane review noted that the long-acting continuous erythropoietin receptor activator, methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta, might be preferred to other erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (epoetin alfa or darbepoetin alfa) based on its lower frequency of administration.[100] The review concluded that it is uncertain whether methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta differed from darbepoetin alfa and epoetin alfa or beta with respect to effects on heart disease complications, life expectancy, or anaemia.
High-dose extended-interval epoetin alfa
Epoetin alfa at higher doses for extended intervals (e.g., 2 or 4 weekly) is non-inferior to more frequent dosing intervals in non‐dialysed chronic kidney diease patients.[101]
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