Minimal change disease

Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, et al. Minimal change disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Feb 7;12(2):332-45.Full text  Abstract

Trautmann A, Boyer O, Hodson E, et al. IPNA clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Mar;38(3):877-919.Full text  Abstract

Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Glomerular Diseases Work Group. KDIGO 2021 clinical practice guideline for the management of glomerular diseases. Kidney Int. 2021 Oct;100(4s):S1-276.Full text

Hogan J, Radhakrishnan J. The treatment of minimal change disease in adults. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013 Apr;24(5):702-11. Abstract

1. Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, et al. Minimal change disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Feb 7;12(2):332-45.Full text  Abstract

2. Trautmann A, Boyer O, Hodson E, et al. IPNA clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 2023 Mar;38(3):877-919.Full text  Abstract

3. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Glomerular Diseases Work Group. KDIGO 2021 clinical practice guideline for the management of glomerular diseases. Kidney Int. 2021 Oct;100(4s):S1-276.Full text

4. Gordillo R, Spitzer A. The nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Rev. 2009;30:94-104. Abstract

5. Eddy AA, Symons JM. Nephrotic syndrome in childhood. Lancet. 2003 Aug 23;362(9384):629-39. Abstract

6. Su S, Yu J, Wang Y, et al. Clinicopathologic correlations of renal biopsy findings from northeast China: A 10-year retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Jun;98(23):e15880.Full text  Abstract

7. Veltkamp F, Rensma LR, Bouts AHM, et al. Incidence and relapse of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2021 Jul;148(1):e2020029249.Full text  Abstract

8. Ranganathan S. Pathology of podocytopathies causing nephrotic syndrome in children. Front Pediatr. 2016;4:32.Full text  Abstract

9. Baqi N, Singh A, Balachandra S, et al. The paucity of minimal change disease in adolescents with primary nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 1998;12:105-107. Abstract

10. Horinouchi T, Nozu K, Iijima K. An updated view of the pathogenesis of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 2022 Sep;37(9):1957-65.Full text  Abstract

11. Davin JC. The glomerular permeability factors in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 2016 Feb;31(2):207-15.Full text  Abstract

12. Hackl A, Zed SEDA, Diefenhardt P, et al. The role of the immune system in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Mol Cell Pediatr. 2021 Nov 18;8(1):18.Full text  Abstract

13. Shalhoub RJ. Pathogenesis of lipoid nephrosis: a disorder of T-cell function. Lancet. 1974;2(7880):556-60. Abstract

14. Kim SH, Park SJ, Han KH, et al. Pathogenesis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome: an immunological concept. Korean J Pediatr. 2016 May;59(5):205-11.Full text  Abstract

15. Watts AJB, Keller KH, Lerner G, et al. Discovery of autoantibodies targeting nephrin in minimal change disease supports a novel autoimmune etiology. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Jan;33(1):238-52.Full text  Abstract

16. Jia X, Yamamura T, Gbadegesin R, et al. Common risk variants in NPHS1 and TNFSF15 are associated with childhood steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Kidney Int. 2020 Nov;98(5):1308-22.Full text  Abstract

17. Lane BM, Cason R, Esezobor CI, et al. Genetics of childhood steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome: an update. Front Pediatr. 2019;7:8.Full text  Abstract

18. Fogo AB, Lusco MA, Najafian B, et al. AJKD atlas of renal pathology: minimal change disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015 Aug;66(2):376-7.Full text

19. Murugapandian S, Mansour I, Hudeeb M, et al. Epidemiology of glomerular disease in southern Arizona: review of 10-year renal biopsy data. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95:e3633.Full text  Abstract

20. International Study of Kidney Disease in Children. Nephrotic syndrome in children: prediction of histopathology from clinical and laboratory characteristics at time of diagnosis. A report of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children. Kidney Int. 1978;13:159-65. Abstract

21. Audard V, Larousserie F, Grimbert P, et al. Minimal change nephrotic syndrome and classical Hodgkin's lymphoma: report of 21 cases and review of the literature. Kidney Int. 2006;69:2251-2260. Abstract

22. Aslam N, Nseir NI, Viverett JF, et al. Nephrotic syndrome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a paraneoplastic syndrome? Clin Nephrol. 2000;54:492-497. Abstract

23. Teeninga N, Schreuder MF, Bokenkamp A, et al. Influence of low birth weight on minimal change nephrotic syndrome in children, including a meta-analysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:1615-20.Full text  Abstract

24. Korbet SM, Whittier WL. Management of adult minimal change disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019 Jun 7;14(6):911-3.Full text

25. Hogan J, Radhakrishnan J. The treatment of minimal change disease in adults. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013 Apr;24(5):702-11. Abstract

26. Li S, Zhang M, Chen L, et al. An implication of relationship between tuberculosis and primary nephrotic syndrome. Int J Artif Organs. 2015 Apr;38(4):178-83. Abstract

27. Azukaitis K, Palmer SC, Strippoli GF, et al. Interventions for minimal change disease in adults with nephrotic syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Mar 1;3(3):CD001537.Full text  Abstract

28. Beck LH Jr, Ayoub I, Caster D, et al. KDOQI US commentary on the 2021 KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the management of glomerular diseases. Am J Kidney Dis. 2023 Aug;82(2):121-75.Full text  Abstract

29. Schijvens AM, Teeninga N, Dorresteijn EM, et al. Steroid treatment for the first episode of childhood nephrotic syndrome: comparison of the 8 and 12 weeks regimen using an individual patient data meta-analysis. Eur J Pediatr. 2021 Sep;180(9):2849-59.Full text  Abstract

30. Webb NJA, Woolley RL, Lambe T, et al. Long term tapering versus standard prednisolone treatment for first episode of childhood nephrotic syndrome: phase III randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation. BMJ. 2019 May 23;365:l1800.Full text  Abstract

31. Hahn D, Samuel SM, Willis NS, et al. Corticosteroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Aug 22;8(8):CD001533. Abstract

32. Trautmann A, Vivarelli M, Samuel S, et al. IPNA clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol. 2020 Aug;35(8):1529-61.Full text  Abstract

33. Liu ID, Willis NS, Craig JC, et al. Interventions for idiopathic steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Nov 21;2019(11):CD003594.Full text  Abstract

34. Larkins NG, Liu ID, Willis NS, et al. Non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive medications for steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Apr 16;4(4):CD002290.Full text  Abstract

35. Haws RM, Baum M. Efficacy of albumin and diuretic therapy in children with nephrotic syndrome. Pediatrics. 1993;91:1142-6. Abstract

36. Homik J, Suarez-Almazor ME, Shea B, et al. Calcium and vitamin D for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;1998(2):CD000952.Full text  Abstract

37. International Study of Kidney Disease in Children. Minimal change nephrotic syndrome in children: deaths during the first 5 to 15 years' observation. Report of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children. Pediatrics. 1984;73:497-501. Abstract

38. Bhimma R, Adhikari M, Asharam K, et al. The spectrum of chronic kidney disease (stages 2-5) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Pediatr Nephrol. 2008;23:1841-1846. Abstract

39. Ruth EM, Kemper MJ, Leumann EP, et al. Children with corticosteroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome come of age: long-term outcome. J Pediatr. 2005;147:202-207. Abstract

40. Hjorten R, Anwar Z, Reidy KJ. Long-term outcomes of childhood onset nephrotic syndrome. Front Pediatr. 2016;4:53.Full text  Abstract

41. Shigidi MM. The treatment of relapse in adults with minimal change nephrotic syndrome: myths and facts. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2011;22:10-17. Abstract

42. Parker K, Ragy O, Hamilton P, et al. Thromboembolism in nephrotic syndrome: controversies and uncertainties. Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2023 Aug;7(6):102162.Full text  Abstract

43. KidneyWeb. Pediatric nephrology resources for healthcare professionals [internet publication].Full text