Criteria

UK diagnostic criteria

In the UK, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommends diagnosing GDM if a pregnant woman has either:[4]

  • Fasting plasma >5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL), or

  • 2-hour plasma glucose >7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) following a 75-g oral glucose load.

Alternative diagnostic criteria

The World Health Organization recommends GDM should be diagnosed at any time in pregnancy if one or more of the following criteria are met:[2]​

  • Fasting plasma glucose of 5.1 to 6.9 mmol/L (92-125 mg/dL)

  • 1-hour plasma glucose ≥10.0 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) following a 75-g oral glucose load

  • 2-hour plasma glucose 8.5 to 11.0 mmol/L (153-199 mg/dL) following a 75-g oral glucose load.

Fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose levels above these values would indicate overt (rather than gestational) diabetes.

The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes are as follows:[1]​

  • Fasting plasma glucose ≥5.1 mmol/L (92 mg/dL)

  • 1-hour plasma glucose ≥10.0 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) following a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)

  • 2-hour plasma glucose ≥8.5 mmol/L (153 mg/dL) following a 75-g OGTT.

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