Case history
Case history #1
An otherwise healthy 22-year-old Japanese-American man presents with visible haematuria accompanied by flank pain. He has a 2-day history of sore throat, fever, chills, malaise, and headache. Physical examination reveals erythema and inflammation of the uvula and pharynx, enlarged tonsils with patchy greyish-white exudates, and tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy. The rest of the examination is normal. Urinalysis shows cola-coloured urine with haematuria and 3+ protein.
Case history #2
A 23-year-old white man with an unremarkable past medical history presents to the clinic for a routine physical examination including a urine analysis required for his job. This shows invisible haematuria and mild proteinuria. The physical examination reveals no significant abnormal findings.
Other presentations
IgAN may also be identified during investigation of patients with established chronic kidney disease and hypertension (about 20% of cases).[8] These patients are usually aged in their 30s and 40s. Less common presentations include nephrotic syndrome (<5% cases); rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis characterised by oedema, hypertension, haematuria, and kidney failure (<5% cases); and malignant hypertension (<1% cases).[8][9] Malignant hypertension commonly presents with chest pain (angina or myocardial infarction), shortness of breath (pulmonary oedema), or neurological symptoms (headaches, visual disturbances, altered mental state, seizures).[8][9]
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